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// Compound Reference · Gastric Pentadecapeptide · Cytoprotective

BPC-157

Body Protection Compound 157 · PL-10 · Bepecin · CAS 137525-51-0 · MW 1419.5 g/mol · 15 Amino Acids

A synthetic 15-amino acid pentadecapeptide derived from a partial sequence of the Body Protection Compound — a cytoprotective protein isolated from human gastric juice. BPC-157 exhibits no sequence homology with other known gastric peptides and demonstrates pleiotropic tissue-protective and regenerative activity across gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurological, and vascular systems in over 30 years of preclinical research.

Gastric Pentadecapeptide
Cytoprotective / Organoprotective
≥99.0% HPLC Purity
Lyophilized
5 mg / vial
CoA Included
Cold Shipped
Purity
≥99.0%
Molecular Weight
1419.5 g/mol
Length
15 Amino Acids
Testing Lab
Freedom Diagnostics

01 Mechanism of Action

BPC-157’s pharmacological profile is characterised by pleiotropic cytoprotective and organoprotective activity — meaning it appears to confer protective and regenerative effects across multiple organ systems through a network of interacting molecular pathways rather than through a single receptor-ligand interaction. This breadth of activity, while compelling in preclinical data, is also a source of ongoing mechanistic uncertainty.

The compound is native and stable in human gastric juice for more than 24 hours — a property that distinguishes it from most endogenous peptides and supports its original characterisation as a cytoprotective mediator within the gastrointestinal mucosal defence system. This gastric juice stability also underpins research into oral bioavailability, which has been demonstrated in rodent models.

VEGFR2 / Angiogenesis Pathway
BPC-157 activates VEGFR2 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2) on endothelial cells, triggering receptor phosphorylation and downstream activation of FAK-paxillin complexes, JAK-2, Egr-1, and ERK1/2 signalling cascades. These events collectively promote endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and tube formation — accelerating angiogenesis (new capillary growth) in injured and hypoperfused tissues.

Growth Hormone Receptor Upregulation
BPC-157 significantly upregulates GHR (growth hormone receptor) expression in tendon fibroblasts and other connective tissue cells. This sensitises target tissues to endogenous GH signalling, amplifying JAK-STAT / IGF-1 pathway activity and increasing collagen synthesis, cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodelling.

NO-System & Cytoprotection
BPC-157 modulates nitric oxide (NO) production — both upregulating eNOS in vascular contexts and counteracting NOS-mediated injury in neurotoxic or pharmacological stress models. It also interacts with prostaglandin and somatosensory neurone systems.

Neurotransmitter System Interactions
BPC-157 interacts with dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways in CNS research models. It has been shown to counteract dopamine system disruption in Parkinson’s-like models, modulate serotonin levels in stress and depression paradigms, and exert neuroprotective activity in models of traumatic brain injury.

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Mechanistic Note: BPC-157 does not fit the standard receptor-ligand pharmacology model — it lacks a confirmed primary binding receptor and shows no sequence homology to other known peptides. Its pleiotropic activity is best understood as coordinated activation of multiple interconnected repair and cytoprotection cascades.

02 Research Applications & Evidence Base

BPC-157’s published research history spans more than 30 years and over 500 indexed publications, the majority from preclinical rodent models.

  • 🦴
    Musculoskeletal Injury & Repair

    The most extensively studied application domain. Preclinical models have documented accelerated healing in tendon ruptures, ligament tears, muscle detachment injuries, and bone fractures. A 2025 systematic review identified 36 studies from 1993–2024, all showing structural, functional, and biomechanical improvements.

  • 🫀
    Gastrointestinal Mucosal Protection

    BPC-157’s origin as a gastric peptide underpins its most established research area. Studies demonstrate protective and healing effects against gastric and duodenal ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease models, and chemically induced GI injury.

  • 🧠
    Neuroprotection & CNS Research

    Animal models of traumatic brain injury, spinal cord compression, and peripheral nerve transection have shown BPC-157-associated improvements in motor function recovery and neural tissue preservation.

  • 🩸
    Vascular & Cardiac Research

    BPC-157 modulates blood pressure, counteracts cardiac arrhythmias following reoxygenation injury, and protects endothelial integrity in models of ischaemia-reperfusion damage.

  • 👁
    Ocular & Corneal Research

    A distinctive finding is corneal ulcer healing accompanied by maintained corneal transparency — counter-intuitive for a pro-angiogenic compound.

Evidence Strength by Research Area

GI mucosal protection

Very strong preclin.

Tendon / ligament healing

Strong preclinical

Muscle injury recovery

Strong preclinical

Bone healing

Moderate preclin.

Neuroprotection

Moderate preclin.

Cardiovascular

Moderate preclin.

Human clinical data

Minimal (n=2, n=12)

03 Observed Research Effects

Accelerated tendon & ligament repair
Gastric mucosal ulcer healing
Muscle tissue regeneration
Bone fracture healing (incl. pseudoarthrosis)
Anti-inflammatory cytokine reduction
Angiogenesis stimulation (tissue-specific)
GH receptor upregulation in fibroblasts
Neuroprotection in TBI & nerve injury models
Dopaminergic & serotonergic modulation
Portal hypertension reversal (rodent)
Blood pressure modulation (bidirectional)
Corneal ulcer healing with transparency

⚠

Research Use Only. All effect data derives from animal preclinical studies and extremely limited human pilot data. Peplix supplies BPC-157 exclusively for in-vitro laboratory and preclinical research.

04 Chemical & Physical Profile

Full NameBPC-157 (Body Protection Compound 157)
SynonymsPL-10 · PL 14736 · Bepecin
CAS Number137525-51-0
Molecular FormulaC₆₂H₉₈N₁₆O₂₂
Molecular Weight1419.5 g/mol
SequenceGly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val
OriginSynthetic; partial sequence of BPC protein from human gastric juice
Physical FormLyophilized white powder
SolubilityFreely soluble in water at normal pH
Storage−20°C (lyophilized); 2–8°C reconstituted
Peplix Purity≥99.0% by HPLC
Testing LabFreedom Diagnostics
Lot Number2603

05 Reconstitution Reference

BAC Water Added Concentration Vol per 10 µg Vol per 250 µg
1.0 mL 5,000 µg/mL 2 µL 50 µL
2.0 mL 2,500 µg/mL 4 µL 100 µL
5.0 mL 1,000 µg/mL 10 µL 250 µL
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Protocol Note: BPC-157 is highly water-soluble. Inject bacteriostatic water slowly along the vial wall and swirl gently; do not vortex. Use the Reconstitution Calculator for precise dose volumes.

06 Research Literature

Vasireddi N et al. Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2025.
Sikiric P et al. Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide. Pharmaceuticals. 2025;18(2):185.
Chang C-H et al. BPC 157 Enhances Growth Hormone Receptor Expression in Tendon Fibroblasts. Molecules. 2021.
Sikiric P et al. The pharmacological properties of the novel peptide BPC 157 (PL-10). Inflammopharmacology. 1999;7(1):1–14.

Order BPC-157 · 5 mg Vial

≥99.0% HPLC purity · CoA from Freedom Diagnostics · Cold shipped · Lot 2603

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